POACHING

INTRODUCTION:

Poaching is illegal hunting, killing or capturing of wild animals also referred to the illegal harvesting of wild plant species. It’s an environmental crime against the natural resources, illegal hunting of wildlife for animal products such as ivory, horn, teeth, skin and bone. India is home to some of the most charismatic animals on the planet such as Tiger, Elephant, Rhino, Leopard, Lizard and many species of snakes. These majestic animals were used for sports hunting, now they are protected under the wildlife protection act of India. Unfortunately, The population of these magnificent wild animals of India are decreasing because of Poaching for ivory, horn, teeth and skin.

TYPES OF POACHING:

Tiger Poaching in Sariska:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sariska Tiger Reserve is one of the national park in Rajasthan from where entire tiger population has been wiping out because of poaching. Tiger poaching in India has seriously impacted the probability of survival of tigers in India but because of the conservation programmer Project Tiger, About 2,226 wild tigers now roamed in the forest reserves of the country and there are 48 tiger reserves in India.

Rhino Poaching in Assam:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rhino Poaching in Assam is the biggest problem and one of the major environmental issues in India. Kaziranga, Orang and Manas National Park of Assam is only surviving home to Indian rhino and 95% of the total wild One horned rhino in the world. More than 90 rhinos were killed since 2013 and 9 Indian Rhinos have been killed in Kaziranga National Park of Assam this year 2016. They are killed for their horns and nails that are traded in the International black markets, six methods have been used by poachers to kill a Rhino shooting, trapping, electrocuting, poisoning and with a noose.

Elephant Poaching in South:

 

Western Ghats range is facing the biggest threat of elephants, Ivory hunters have been killing elephants not just Kerala, but neighboring Tamil Nadu and Karnataka as well. Till 1995, up to 2,000 elephants mostly tuskers were poached in the southern forest and 100 elephants have been killed in last 2 years across south India. Kerala has seized more than 100 kg of ivory since 2012 and Poachers traded more than 200 kg of ivory in the last 18 months.

Leopard Poaching in India:

 

The leopard population in India is already under threat due to the illegal hunting and killing for leopard skins and body parts. As per the statistics on leopard killings in the country, 1,664 Leopards Poached in the last Decade and still poaching for the illegal trade of skins and body parts is going on. There are between 5000 to 10000 leopards living in the wild in India but surely leopards will be declared as endangered species.

Hunting of Birds in India:

 

Due to the heavy hunting for meat and nails, Most of the Indian birds are on the verge of extinction such as Great Indian Bustard, Forest owl, Bengal florican, ducks and migratory birds. Migratory birds such as Flemingo, Pelicans and Amur falcon birds poached in Nagaland.

ILLEGAL WILDLIFE TRADE:

Hunting of wild animals and the trade of animal parts is banned in India but there are number of wild animals being poached in international black market. These small animals such as Gecko, Monitor Lizards, Indian Sand Boa, Sloth Bear, turtles and Indian Pangolin are going through a major poaching problem. Indian Pangolin, Indian Star Tortoises along with Tokay Gecko and Red Sand Boa are 5 Most Heavily Trafficked Animals of India.

OTHER CASES OF WILD LIFE POACHING IN INDIA:

• Indian Pangolin is the most Poached Species of 2015 in India
• Black magic behind illegal Barn Owl trade in India
• Monitor Lizards are new target of Poachers in North East
• Poachers Kill Ganga River Dolphin in Bihar
• Non-poisonous Indian Sand Boa is being poached from India
• Mongoose face poaching threat for the painters brush
• Indian Geckos are in high demand for HIV cures
• Thousands of Amur Falcon birds poached in Nagaland
• Alleged poaching of a Great Indian Bustard
• Star Tortoise face Extinction threat due to illegal Poaching
• Poachers hunting down Migratory Birds at Navilur Lakes
• Powai lake has now more poachers than Crocodiles 
• Man Held for Poaching Spotted Deer in Chhattisgarh

Students' corner & Learners' Point: BETI BACHAO BETI PADHAO YOJNA

Students' corner & Learners' Point: BETI BACHAO BETI PADHAO YOJNA: Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Yojna ( Save "girl" child, Educate a "girl" child ) Introduction : Beti Bachao Bet...

BETI BACHAO BETI PADHAO YOJNA

Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Yojna

(Save "girl" child, Educate a "girl" child)

Introduction:

Beti Bachao Beti Bachao Yojna is a social campaign of the Government of India that aims to generate awareness and improve the efficiency of welfare services intended for girls. The scheme was launched with an initial funding of Rs.100 crore (US$16 million).  It aims to address the issue of the declining child sex ratio image (CSR) and is a national initiative jointly run by theMinistry of Women & Child Development, the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare and the Ministry of Human Resource development. It initially focused multi-sector action in 100 districts throughout the country where there was a low CSR.

About:

According to census data, the child sex ratio/CSR (0–6 years) in India was 927 girls per 1,000 boys in 2001, which dropped to 918 girls for every 1,000 boys in 2011. A 2012 UNICEF report ranked India 41st among 195 countries. The decline in CSR was unabated since 1961. This is an alarming rate for "Women Disempowerment". It reflects both pre-birth discrimination manifested through gender biased selection, and post birth discrimination against girls. The decline is widespread across the country and has expanded to rural as well as tribal areas.

Alarmed by the sharp decline, the Government of India has introduced Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao(BBBP) programme to address the issue of decline in CSR in 100 gender critical districts. Coordinated & convergent efforts are needed to ensure survival, protection and education of the girl child.

The Overall Goal of the Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao(BBBP) Scheme is to Celebrate the Girl Child & Enable her Education. The objectives of the Scheme are as under:

• ·        Prevent gender biased sex selective elimination.

• ·        Ensure survival & protection of the girl child.

• ·        Ensure education of the girl child.

•      Women empowerment on a greater scale.

Need:

Sex-selective abortion or female foeticide has led to a sharp drop in the ratio of girls born in contrast to boy infants in some states in India. Ultrasound technology has made it possible for pregnant women and their families to learn the gender of a foetus early in a pregnancy. Discrimination against girl infants, for several reasons, has combined with the technology to result in a rise in abortions of foetuses identified as female during ultrasonic testing.
The trend was first noticed when results of the 1991 national census were released, and it was confirmed to be a worsening problem when results of the 2001 national census were released. The reduction in the female population of certain Indian states continues to worsen, as results of the 2011 national census have shown. It has been observed that the trend is most pronounced in relatively prosperous regions of India. The dowry system in India is often blamed; the

expectation that large dowry must be provided for daughters in order for them to
marry is frequently cited as a major cause for the problem.

Strategies:
Strategies employed to successfully carry out the scheme are:

• Implement a sustained Social Mobilization and Communication Campaign to create equal value for the girl child and promote her education.

• Place the issue of decline in CSR/SRB in public discourse, improvement of which would be an indicator for good governance.

• Focus on Gender Critical Districts and Cities.

What can we all do as individuals?

• Celebrate the birth of girl child in the family and community

• Take pride in daughters and oppose the mentality of ‘Bojh’ and ‘Paraya Dhan’.

• Find ways to promote equality between boys and girls.

• Secure admission to & retention of girl child in schools.

• Engage men and boys to challenge gender stereotypes and roles.

• Educate and sensitize our sons to respect women and girls as equal members of society.

• Report any incident of sex determination test.

• Strive to make neighbourhood safe & violence free for women & girls.

• Oppose dowry and child marriage within the family and community.

• Advocate simple weddings.

• Support women’s right to own and inherit property.

• Encourage women to go out, pursue higher studies, work, do business, access public spaces freely etc.